Following arthroscopic knee surgery, which instruction should the nurse include in discharge teaching?

• A. Remain on bedrest for the first 24 hr
• B. Keep the leg in a dependent position
• C. Apply ice to the affected area
• D. Begin active range of motion

Answer: (C)

Cold therapy after knee arthroscopy targets swelling and pain directly. Applying ice to the knee causes vasoconstriction, reduces capillary permeability, and slows nerve conduction, which together lessen edema and numb localized pain. This makes it a foundational discharge instruction for the immediate postoperative period.

Teach to use a barrier between the skin and the ice (such as a thin cloth), apply for about 15 to 20 minutes at a time, several times a day as tolerated, and remove if there's numbness, excessive skin color change, or discomfort. Elevation can help further with swelling, but the key principle here is reducing swelling and pain through cold application, which is why this option is the best fit.

The other options are not as appropriate for discharge teaching. Remaining on bedrest for 24 hours is not typically required and can lead to stiffness and other complications. Keeping the leg in a dependent position promotes pooling of blood and swelling. Starting active range of motion immediately may be advised only under specific surgical protocol; without that clearance, it can cause pain or bleeding.