In a patient with Chvostek's sign due to hypocalcemia, which precaution should the nurse initiate?

• A. Airborne precautions
• B. Droplet precautions
• C. Contact precautions
• D. Seizure precautions

Answer: (D)

Hypocalcemia increases neuromuscular excitability, so patients can develop tetany and seizures. Chvostek’s sign indicates low calcium, signaling a risk of seizure activity. That’s why the appropriate precaution is seizure precautions—to prevent injury if a seizure occurs. Infection-control precautions like airborne, droplet, or contact don’t address seizure risk, so they aren’t indicated here. Seizure precautions include keeping the bed in the lowest position with padded side rails, having suction and oxygen available at the bedside, and ensuring the environment minimizes injury and stimulation. Also monitor for signs of impending seizures and have orders for calcium replacement as prescribed.