What personal protective equipment is appropriate for healthcare staff caring for a patient with active TB?

• A. Eye protection only
• B. N95 respirator for staff
• C. Surgical mask for patient
• D. No isolation needed

Answer: (B)

Airborne transmission is the key concern with active TB, since tiny aerosol particles can hang in the air and be inhaled by healthcare workers. An N95 respirator worn by staff provides the necessary filtration and a proper seal when it is properly fit-tested, making it the appropriate protection for caring for a patient with active TB. Simple eye protection or a surgical mask for the patient won’t reliably block those aerosols, and not using isolation would leave staff at risk. When airborne precautions are in place, staff wear an N95 respirator and the patient wears a mask when leaving the room to reduce spread.